Tendon Repair

What is Tendon Repair Surgery?

Tendon repair surgery is a procedure in which a torn or severely damaged tendon is stitched back together so it can heal properly and regain strength. Tendons may tear due to sharp injuries, sudden falls, sports accidents, or weakening from age or illness. When a tendon loses continuity, the affected limb cannot move normally, and pain or weakness develops.

In simple words, the surgery reconnects the tendon ends so the muscle can pull on the bone again. This restores movement and prevents long-term stiffness or loss of function. Without repair, many tendon injuries do not heal correctly on their own.

Why is Tendon Repair Surgery Needed?

Tendon injuries often cause sudden pain, swelling, and an inability to move the affected joint or limb. When a tendon is fully torn or significantly damaged, surgery may be the best option to restore proper movement and prevent long-term disability or imbalance in the surrounding muscles and joints.

Common Reasons and Key Conditions Treated

• Complete tendon tears caused by trauma, such as deep cuts or falls.
• Sports injuries leading to ruptures in the Achilles, rotator cuff, or hand tendons.
• Chronic damage from repetitive strain or degenerative conditions.
• Tendon avulsion, where the tendon pulls away from the bone.
• Injuries causing significant weakness or inability to move the affected body part.

Types of Tendon Repair / Procedure Variations

Tendon repair techniques vary depending on the location and type of injury. Surgeons may select one or more of the following approaches based on the tear pattern and functional needs of the patient.

• Direct tendon repair: Stitching the torn ends together, commonly used in fresh injuries.
• Tendon grafting: Using a donor tendon (from the patient or synthetic material) when the original tendon cannot be reconnected directly.
• Tendon transfer: Re-routing a nearby healthy tendon to replace a damaged one when necessary.
• Minimally invasive tendon procedures: Smaller incisions used for certain tendons like the Achilles, reducing scarring and recovery time.

Why Choose Manipal Hospitals for Tendon Repair Surgery?

Manipal Hospitals provides expert orthopaedic and plastic surgery teams experienced in managing tendon injuries of the hands, arms, feet, legs, and shoulders. Treatment plans are personalised to ensure predictable outcomes and steady recovery.

• Skilled surgeons experienced in micro-suturing and complex reconstructions.
• Advanced imaging for precise diagnosis and planning.
• Modern operating theatres supporting minimally invasive and open techniques.
• Rehabilitation specialists available to guide strength and mobility training.
• Dedicated support for international patients, including follow-up coordination.

Indications for Tendon Repair Surgery

Surgery may be recommended when the tendon cannot heal on its own or when proper movement cannot be restored without intervention.

• Complete tendon rupture causing loss of movement or strength.
• Deep lacerations where the tendon has been cut.
• Gaps between tendon ends that prevent natural healing.
• Chronic tendon discomfort that limits daily function despite physiotherapy.
• Injuries requiring early repair to prevent long-term stiffness or deformity.

Who Should Avoid or Delay Tendon Repair Surgery?

Some patients may need to postpone surgery or consider alternative approaches if certain risks or medical concerns are present.

• Active infections near the injury site.
• Uncontrolled medical conditions such as severe diabetes or vascular disease.
• Severe swelling or skin damage requiring stabilisation before surgery.
• Patients unable to follow rehabilitation protocols, which are essential for success.
• Poor general health making anaesthesia temporarily unsafe.

Preparing for Tendon Repair Surgery

• Diagnostic imaging such as ultrasound or MRI to confirm the extent of the tear.
• Review of medical history, medication use, and allergies.
• Discussion of surgical options, expected outcomes, and rehabilitation plans.
• Fasting instructions if general anaesthesia is planned.
• Planning for time off work or sports activities and arranging support at home.
• Guidance for international patients regarding travel, stay, and follow-up visits.

What Happens During Tendon Repair Surgery?

Tendon repair surgery typically takes place under regional or general anaesthesia. The surgeon identifies the torn tendon ends, removes damaged tissue, and reconnects the tendon using strong sutures designed to hold during healing. The technique depends on the tendon involved and the type of injury.

Step-by-Step Breakdown

• Admission and review of imaging results.
• Administration of anaesthesia for comfort and safety.
• Placement of precise incisions over the injured area.
• Exposure and cleaning of the torn tendon edges.
• Reconnection of the tendon using durable, specialised sutures.
• Additional procedures such as grafting if the tendon gap is large.
• Closure of the wound and immobilisation of the limb.

Recovery After Tendon Repair Surgery

The period after tendon repair surgery is crucial for a successful outcome. The limb is typically immobilised initially to protect the repair and allow early healing. Physiotherapy begins in stages, starting with gentle movement and progressing to strengthening exercises. Full recovery may take several months depending on the tendon involved and individual healing patterns.

Risks & Complications

Tendon repair is generally safe, but complications can occur, particularly in severe or delayed injuries. Possible issues include infection, stiffness, tendon re-rupture, scar tissue formation, nerve irritation near the surgical site, or reduced range of motion if rehabilitation is not followed carefully.

Benefits of Tendon Repair Surgery

• Restores movement and strength in the affected limb.
• Prevents long-term disability or deformity.
• Improves quality of life by reducing pain and restoring independence.
• Allows return to normal activities, work, and sports after healing.
• Helps maintain joint stability and muscle balance.

What is the Cost of Tendon Repair Surgery at Manipal Hospitals?

The cost of tendon repair surgery at Manipal Hospitals depends on the tendon involved, the complexity of the repair, and the rehabilitation needs. Manipal Hospitals offers competitive pricing compared with many Western and Gulf countries, making it a preferred choice for international patients seeking specialised orthopaedic care.

Estimates usually include surgical fees, anaesthesia, imaging, hospital stay, physiotherapy sessions, and follow-up visits. A personalised cost plan is shared after clinical evaluation to help patients plan confidently.

International Patient Support at Manipal Hospitals

International patients are given comprehensive support that covers medical assessments, appointment coordination, visa guidance, airport transfers, accommodation assistance, translation services, and structured follow-up plans. This ensures a smooth experience from the first consultation to the final recovery milestone.