What is a Carotid Endarterectomy?

Carotid endarterectomy is a surgical procedure that removes fatty deposits, called plaque, from the carotid arteries in the neck. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to the brain.

In simple terms, the carotid endarterectomy procedure clears blockages from the neck arteries so blood can flow smoothly to the brain, reducing the chance of a stroke.

Why is Carotid Endarterectomy Treatment Needed?

Carotid endarterectomy treatment is recommended when there is significant narrowing of the carotid artery, especially if the patient has already experienced symptoms. Without treatment, narrowed arteries increase the risk of transient ischemic attacks and full strokes.

Common Reasons and Key Conditions Treated

• Narrowing of the carotid artery due to plaque build-up.
• Previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack.
• Sudden weakness, speech difficulty, or vision loss.
• High-grade carotid artery stenosis was found on scans.
• High risk of future stroke despite medication.

Types of Carotid Endarterectomy / Procedure Variations

Treatment options depend on the location and severity of narrowing, overall health, and stroke risk.

• Conventional Carotid Endarterectomy: Surgical removal of plaque through a neck incision.
• Eversion Carotid Endarterectomy: The artery is temporarily detached and cleaned before reattachment.
• Carotid artery stenting: A minimally invasive alternative using a stent to keep the artery open.
• Hybrid approaches: Combined surgical and endovascular techniques in selected cases.

Why Choose Manipal Hospitals for Carotid Endarterectomy?

Manipal Hospitals offers comprehensive stroke-prevention care supported by skilled vascular surgeons, neurologists, and interventional specialists. Each case is carefully evaluated to choose the safest and most effective treatment.

• Experienced vascular and neurovascular surgeons.
• Advanced imaging for precise diagnosis and planning.
• Well-equipped operating theaters and catheter labs.
• Strict perioperative monitoring and stroke prevention protocols.
• Dedicated international patient coordination and support.

Indications for Carotid Endarterectomy Surgery

Carotid endarterectomy surgery may be advised when:

• Carotid artery narrowing is moderate to severe.
• Symptoms such as stroke or transient ischaemic attack have occurred.
• Medical therapy alone is insufficient.
• The risk of future stroke is high.
• The patient is fit for surgery or intervention.

Who Should Avoid or Delay Carotid Endarterectomy?

Some patients may need alternative treatment or careful timing based on overall health.

• Mild carotid narrowing without symptoms.
• Severe medical illness making surgery unsafe.
• Complete carotid artery blockage.
• Active infection or uncontrolled bleeding disorders.
• Short life expectancy due to other conditions.

Preparing for Carotid Endarterectomy Procedure

• Detailed imaging such as carotid ultrasound or CT angiography.
• Neurological and cardiac evaluation.
• Blood tests and medication review.
• Instructions regarding fasting and medicines.
• Travel and accommodation planning for international patients.

What Happens During the Carotid Endarterectomy Procedure?

The procedure is performed under general or regional anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision in the neck, opens the carotid artery, removes the plaque, and repairs the artery to restore normal blood flow.

Step-by-Step Breakdown

• Admission and final preoperative assessment.
• Anaesthesia and careful positioning.
• Neck incision to access the carotid artery.
• Removal of plaque causing narrowing.
• Repair of the artery and restoration of blood flow.
• Closure of the incision and recovery monitoring.

Recovery After Carotid Endarterectomy

Most patients stay in the hospital for one to three days for close neurological monitoring. Mild neck discomfort or stiffness is common and usually improves within days.

Patients are advised to avoid strenuous activity initially and follow medication and lifestyle guidance to protect long-term artery health.

Risks & Complications

While generally safe, possible risks include stroke, a nerve injury affecting speech or swallowing, bleeding, or infection. Carotid stenting may carry risks such as artery spasm or embolism. Careful patient selection and experienced teams help minimise these risks.

Benefits of Carotid Endarterectomy and Stenting

• Significant reduction in stroke risk.
• This procedure enhances the flow of blood to the brain.
• Long-term protection when combined with medical therapy.
• Effective treatment for severe carotid narrowing.
• Improved peace of mind for patients and families.

What is the Cost of Carotid Endarterectomy at Manipal Hospitals?

The cost of carotid endarterectomy or stenting depends on the procedure type, imaging needs, hospital stay, and overall complexity. Manipal Hospitals offers advanced stroke prevention. procedures at costs that are significantly more affordable compared with many Western and Gulf countries.

Personalised cost estimates are provided after thorough clinical and imaging evaluation.

International Patient Support at Manipal Hospitals

International patients receive complete assistance, including medical record review, visa support, travel coordination, interpreter services, accommodation guidance, and structured follow-up planning to ensure continuity and comfort throughout treatment.