Lung Transplant (surgical)

What is the Lung Transplant Procedure?

A simple explanation for patients

The lung transplant procedure involves removing a damaged lung and surgically implanting a donor lung in its place. Depending on individual needs, patients may receive a single or double lung transplant. The operation requires precise connections between the lung’s airways and blood vessels to enable normal breathing and oxygenation.

In simple words, a lung transplant surgery means your doctor takes out one or both of your unwell lungs and replaces them with healthy lungs from someone who has donated them, allowing you to breathe easier and live healthier.

Why is Lung Transplant Surgery Needed?

This surgery is recommended for patients with advanced lung diseases such as COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, or cystic fibrosis when other treatments no longer help. If untreated, lung failure can be life-threatening. Transplanting healthy lungs improves oxygen supply and quality of life significantly.

Common Reasons and Key Conditions Treated

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

• Pulmonary fibrosis and scarring.

• Severe pulmonary hypertension.

• Cystic fibrosis with lung damage.

• End-stage lung diseases are resistant to other therapies.

Why Choose Manipal Hospitals for the Lung Transplant Procedure?

Our hospital combines the experience of expert thoracic surgeons with state-of-the-art perioperative care in a patient-centric environment ideal for international patients.

• Specialised thoracic transplant surgeons: Proven expertise in complex lung transplants.

• Modern surgical technology: Facilities equipped for single and double lung transplants.

• Accreditations: NABH and JCI for safety and quality assurance.

• Comprehensive pre- and post-operative care: including rehabilitation and long-term follow-up.

• International patient support: From visa assistance to language services.

Indications for Lung Transplant Procedure Steps

The lung transplant is suitable for patients with irreversible lung damage and failure, confirmed through detailed testing and clinical assessment.

• Severe, advanced lung disease unresponsive to treatment.

• Symptoms such as severe breathlessness or low oxygen levels.

• Good overall health to tolerate surgery.

• Availability of suitable donor lungs.

• Ability to commit to lifelong immunosuppression and follow-up.

Who Should Avoid or Delay Lung Transplant Surgery?

Candidates with severe infection, uncontrolled other diseases, or inability to adhere to post-transplant care may be deferred or advised alternative treatments. The following should be considered before the surgery:

• Active infections or sepsis.

• Uncontrolled diabetes or kidney failure.

• Severe malnutrition or frailty.

• Non-compliance with medical care.

Preparing for Lung Transplant Surgery

• Extensive evaluation: lung function tests, blood work, and imaging.

• Prehabilitation: Optimising nutrition and physical status.

• Medication management: Adjustment to immunosuppressants and other drugs.

• Psychological assessment and counselling.

• Travel and accommodation planning for international patients.

• Arranging post-operative support and care companions.

What Happens During the Lung Transplant Procedure Steps?

Under general anaesthesia, an incision is made either across the chest or on the side. The diseased lung or lungs are carefully removed and replaced with donor lungs. Surgeons then connect the airways, blood vessels, and surrounding tissues. After confirming proper lung function, the chest incision is closed, and the patient is transferred to intensive care for close monitoring.

Step-by-Step Breakdown

• The patient is sedated and anaesthetised before surgery.

• The chest is opened through a precise incision.

• Diseased lung(s) are carefully removed.

• Donor lung(s) are positioned and connected to airways and blood vessels.

• Lung function and blood flow are verified.

• The incision is closed, with tubes inserted for drainage and air support.

Recovery After Lung Transplant Procedure

The initial recovery involves ICU monitoring, mechanical ventilation, and gradual mobilisation. Patients then move to specialised wards where rehabilitation continues with breathing and physical therapies. International patients receive telehealth follow-ups and local care coordination to ensure ongoing health.

Risks & Complications

Risks include rejection, infection, bleeding, and complications related to immunosuppressive medications. Our team follows rigorous protocols to mitigate these risks and closely monitors patients.

Benefits of Lung Transplant Surgery

Key benefits of lung transplant surgery include:

• Improved breathing and oxygenation.

• Significant symptom relief, like decreased breathlessness.

• Enhanced quality of life and daily function.

• Extended survival for end-stage lung diseases.

• Better ability to engage in physical activities.

Cost of Lung Transplant Surgery

Lung transplant surgeries are generally more affordable in the East compared to Western and Gulf countries. The costs usually include surgery, hospital stay, investigations, medications, and initial rehabilitation. A customised cost estimate is provided after medical evaluation to assist patients in planning their treatment journey.

International Patient Support at Manipal Hospitals

International patients are supported with visa facilitation, airport transfers, accommodation arrangements, language interpreters, customised meal options, and insurance assistance. A dedicated international coordinator ensures personalised care from admission to discharge.