Embolization of AVM

What is an AVM Embolisation Procedure?

The AVM embolisation procedure involves inserting a small, flexible catheter into a blood vessel, often in the groin, and carefully guiding it through the vascular system to the site of the AVM. Using real-time X-ray imaging, the doctor then injects an embolic agent such as liquid glue, coils, or particles to block blood flow to the malformation. This reduces the size and pressure of the AVM, lowering the risk of rupture and bleeding.

A simple explanation for patients

In simple terms, during the AVM embolisation surgery, a tiny tube is threaded through a blood vessel to your brain, where material is released to block off the abnormal vessels, helping prevent dangerous bleeding and other complications.

Why is Endovascular Embolisation of AVM Needed?

This procedure is crucial for managing AVMs, which are tangles of abnormal blood vessels that can rupture and cause bleeding in the brain. Embolisation helps reduce blood flow in these fragile vessels, protecting against haemorrhages and neurologic damage. It may be used alone or as part of a larger treatment plan, including surgery or radiosurgery.

Common Reasons and Key Conditions Treated

• Brain AVMs detected with high rupture risk.

• AVMs cause headaches, seizures, or neurological symptoms.

• Preoperative reduction of AVM size for safer surgical removal.

• Palliative treatment to alleviate symptoms when surgery is not possible.

Why Choose Manipal Hospitals for an AVM Embolisation Procedure?

Our hospital delivers expert endovascular care using proven techniques by specialists skilled in neurointervention, ensuring precise, safe, and effective treatment.

• Experienced interventional neuroradiologists with advanced training.

• Cutting-edge angiography and imaging suites.

• Multidisciplinary teams involving neurology, neurosurgery, and rehabilitation.

• Comprehensive pre- and postoperative patient counselling and care.

• Dedicated international patient service ensuring a smooth treatment experience.

Indications for AVM Embolisation Surgery

Patients usually undergo embolisation when AVMs pose a high risk of bleeding or cause significant symptoms requiring urgent treatment.

• Confirmed brain AVMs at risk of rupture.

• Neurological symptoms such as seizures or headaches are attributable to AVM.

• Preparation for surgical resection or radiosurgery to reduce complications.

• Inoperable AVMs requiring palliative management.

Who Should Avoid or Delay an AVM Embolisation Procedure?

Treatment may be postponed or modified in cases of infection, bleeding disorders, or patient instability. Each case is carefully assessed to balance risks and benefits.

• Active infection or systemic illness.

• Blood-clotting disorders are uncontrolled by medication.

• Severe cardiopulmonary comorbidities increase procedural risk.

• Inability to cooperate or tolerate sedation.

Preparing for Endovascular AVM Embolisation

• Detailed brain imaging, including angiograms and MRIs.

• Comprehensive blood tests and clinical evaluation.

• Consultations explaining procedure, risks, and benefits.

• Fasting and medication adjustments as needed before the procedure.

• Planning for hospital stay and post-procedure care.

• International travel and lodging arrangements.

What Will Happen During AVM Embolisation Surgery?

You will receive mild sedation or general anaesthesia. Doctors will clean and numb the insertion area, usually the groin, then insert a catheter into a blood vessel and navigate it to the AVM under X-ray guidance. The embolic agent will be injected to block blood flow through abnormal vessels. The position and effect are continuously monitored. The catheter is then removed, and pressure is applied to the entry site to prevent bleeding.

Step-by-Step Breakdown

• Patient receives sedation or anaesthesia and is positioned on the angiography table.

• The insertion site is sterilised and numbed.

• A catheter is inserted via an artery in the groin or arm.

• The catheter is guided through vessels to the brain's AVM.

• Embolic agents like glue, coils, or particles are injected.

• The blood flow to the AVM is blocked and monitored in real-time.

• The catheter is withdrawn, and compression is applied to the insertion site.

• Patient is moved to recovery for observation.

Recovery After Endovascular Embolisation

Patients are closely monitored in a neurological or intensive care unit for several days to observe for neurological changes or complications. Most return to normal activities gradually over weeks with ongoing neurological and rehabilitative support. Follow-up imaging assesses treatment success and guides further management if needed.

Risks & Complications

While generally safe, the procedure carries risks including vessel perforation, stroke, bleeding, or allergic reactions to contrast dye. Expert teams perform embolisation with meticulous technique to minimise risks and maximise treatment benefits.

Benefits of the AVM Embolisation Procedure

This treatment offers a minimally invasive option to reduce AVM size, prevent rupture, relieve symptoms, and improve surgical or radiosurgical outcomes, ultimately enhancing patient safety and quality of life.

Cost of AVM Embolisation Surgery at Manipal Hospitals Global

Treatment costs at Manipal Hospitals Global are generally lower than in many developed countries. Prices usually include the procedure, hospitalisation, imaging, medications, and follow-up care. Personalised cost estimates are provided after thorough clinical evaluation for international patients.

International Patient Support at Manipal Hospitals

Our international patients receive end-to-end assistance, including visa support, airport transfer, comfortable accommodation options, language interpreters, dietary preferences, and insurance or TPA facilitation. Dedicated coordinators ensure a smooth and comforting experience throughout your treatment.