Brachytherapy

What is Brachytherapy?

Brachytherapy involves placing tiny radioactive sources inside the body, near the tumour, to target cancer more directly. This allows strong, localised treatment without the widespread effects associated with external radiation.

In simple terms, it delivers radiation from the inside out, helping shrink tumors effectively while reducing damage to nearby healthy tissue.

Why is the Brachytherapy Procedure Needed?

A brachytherapy procedure may be recommended when a cancer can be safely and effectively treated with internal radiation. It is often used for cancers of the cervix, prostate, breast, and certain soft tissues. The technique delivers precise treatment, preserves healthy structures, and can shorten overall treatment time.

Common Reasons and Key Conditions Treated

• Cervical cancer requiring targeted radiation.
• Prostate cancer benefits from localised internal therapy.
• Breast cancer requiring boost radiation after surgery.
• Head and neck tumours suitable for internal placement.
• Soft tissue tumours accessible for internal applicators.

Types of Brachytherapy / Procedure Variations

There are several types of brachytherapy used depending on the location of the cancer, the dose needed, and the duration of treatment. These options allow treatment to be tailored precisely to each patient’s condition.

• Low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy: Radiation sources stay in place for hours or days, delivering treatment slowly.
• High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy: Short sessions lasting only minutes, often repeated over several days.
• Permanently implanted seeds: Small radioactive seeds remain in the body and release radiation gradually.
• Image-guided brachytherapy: Uses imaging like MRI or CT for more accurate placement.

These options are sometimes referred to as different types of brachytherapy, reflecting variations in dose, duration, and method of placement.

Why Choose Manipal Hospitals for Brachytherapy?

Manipal Hospitals offers advanced radiation therapy supported by state-of-the-art equipment and a team of highly trained specialists. Treatment is delivered in a safe environment with a strong emphasis on patient comfort and clarity.

• Experienced radiation oncologists skilled in internal radiation techniques.
• Modern equipment for image-guided planning and accurate source placement.
• Customised treatment plans based on tumour type, size, and location.
• Strong support from oncology nurses and radiation therapists.
• Dedicated international patient services for seamless coordination.

Indications for Brachytherapy

Brachytherapy may be recommended when:

• The tumour can be accessed safely for internal radiation placement.
• Localised treatment offers better outcomes than external radiation alone.
• The cancer responds well to higher internal doses.
• Combination therapy is needed to improve long-term control.
• Shorter treatment courses support improved quality of life.

Who Should Avoid or Delay Brachytherapy?

Some individuals may need alternative treatment options or temporary postponement of internal radiation.

• Active infection in the area requiring treatment.
• Severe bleeding disorders affecting safety.
• Very large tumors unsuitable for internal applicators.
• Pregnancy, depending on cancer type and location.
• Medical instability requiring stabilisation first.

Preparing for Brachytherapy

• Detailed imaging, such as MRI, CT, or ultrasound, is necessary for treatment planning.
• Review of medical history, medications, and previous treatments.
• Assessment of tumour size, shape, and location.
• Guidance on fasting or sedation if needed for the procedure.
• Arranging support for travel and follow-up appointments, especially for international patients.

What Happens During the Brachytherapy Procedure?

The exact steps depend on the treatment type. During most procedures, applicators or needles are carefully positioned inside or near the tumour. The radioactive source is then inserted for a set period of time using a controlled delivery system.

Step-by-Step Breakdown

• Admission and review of imaging-based treatment plan.
• Anaesthesia or sedation if needed for comfort.
• Insertion of applicators or placement needles into the target area.
• Guided delivery of radiation using specialised equipment.
• Removal of applicators (for temporary treatments).
• Post-procedure monitoring and instructions for home care.

Recovery After Brachytherapy

Recovery varies depending on the area treated and the method used. Most patients experience mild discomfort, tiredness, or swelling, which usually settles within a few days. Regular follow-up ensures that healing progresses well and treatment effects are monitored.

Many people return to normal activities quickly, although sexual activity, heavy lifting, or strenuous exercise may need to be avoided temporarily based on medical advice.

Risks & Complications

Potential risks may include temporary swelling, urinary or bowel changes (depending on treatment site), discomfort during applicator placement, or mild bleeding. These effects are usually manageable and improve with time. Serious complications are uncommon when the procedure is performed with accurate planning and skilled technique.

Benefits of Brachytherapy

• Delivers high radiation doses directly to the tumour.
• Reduces exposure to surrounding healthy tissues.
• Shorter treatment duration compared with many external radiation courses.
• Effective for several localised cancers.
• Provides precise and predictable treatment outcomes.

What is the Cost of Brachytherapy at Manipal Hospitals?

The cost of brachytherapy depends on the cancer type, treatment method, imaging needs, and length of hospital stay. Manipal Hospitals offers affordable options compared with many Western and Gulf countries, making advanced radiation therapy accessible for international patients.

A personalised estimate includes planning scans, applicator placement, radiation sessions, hospital care, and follow-up visits.

International Patient Support at Manipal Hospitals

International patients benefit from streamlined support, including medical record review, appointment coordination, visa assistance, accommodation guidance, interpreter services, and follow-up scheduling. This ensures clear communication and a comfortable treatment experience.